新型宽带宽波束圆极化卫星导航终端天线的设计与实现

卫星通信与卫星定位系统的应用发展，对终端设备天线的性能提出了更高的应用需求。为实现宽频带宽波束圆极化天线的设计，采用正交移相馈电网络对含有背腔的交叉偶极子天线馈电，实现了宽带圆极化单向辐射特性，同时利用磁电偶极子对交叉偶极子进行加载，展宽了天线的波束宽度，促使天线在50.7%的相对带宽内S11＜-10dB，在1.3~1.75GHz的频带内轴比小于3dB，轴比小于3dB的圆极化波束宽度可达180°，增益不小于6.6dB。经实测验证，所设计的天线具有宽频带宽波束特性，同时具有结构紧凑、性能稳定的优点，适用于卫星通信与导航终端系统。     

R141b在圆形微通道内的沸腾换热实验研究

为提高换热强度、解决设备内部高热流密度散热问题,采用实验方法研究R141b在不同直径(D=0.5mm和1.0mm)水平圆形微通道内的沸腾换热特性,分析了热流密度(q=2.0kW/m~2～47.6kW/m~2)、质量干度(x=0～0.6)、质量流速(G=111.11kg/(m~2·s)～333.33kg/(m~2·s))的变化对平均传热系数h的影响,探究不同情况下影响沸腾换热的主导因素。实验研究表明:平均传热系数h随热流密度q的增加而减小,在不同范围内减小速率有明显差异;热流密度q=2kW/m~2～5kW/m~2时质量流速G对平均传热系数h影响较明显,热流密度较高时质量流速G对换热影响很小;在质量流速G=111.11kg/(m~2·s)～333.33kg/(m~2·s),质量干度x0.3时,平均传热系数h随质量干度x增加而明显下降,在设计微通道换热器时应尽量使R141b处于初始沸腾阶段以获得更好换热效果,并采取一定措施预防干度过高引起的换热恶化。     

Design and analysis of a truss deployable antenna mechanism based on a 3UU-3URU unit

Space deployable structures with large calibers, high accuracy, and large folding ratios are indispensable equipment in the aerospace field. Given that the single-DOF 3RR-3RRR deployable unit cannot be fully folded, this study proposes a 3UU-3URU deployable unit with two kinds of DOF: folding movement and orientation adjustment. First, based on the G-K formula, the DOF of the 3UU-3URU unit is analyzed. Then, the 3UU-3URU unit is used to construct a deployable truss antenna with a curved surface, and the DOF of the whole deployable antenna containing multiple 3UU-3URU units is calculated. The structural design of a deployable antenna with two loops is carried out with specific parameters and geometric relations. Next, a DOF simulation of a basic combination unit composed of three 3UU-3URU units is performed. Finally, a prototype of the basic combination unit is manufactured, and the DOF of the mechanism is experimentally verified.     

小推力下卫星编队的非自然构型设计与控制

使用小推力控制可以得到许多独特的非自然卫星编队构型,主从星相对位置不变和从星圆形匀速绕飞构型是两类最典型的构型,建立了这两类编队构型的编队参数(主从星距离、空间方位和绕飞速度)与一天内燃料消耗的关系。进一步考虑存在初始误差时控制律的设计,指出PD控制律能够维持小初始误差编队构型,改进的PD控制律能够维持中等初始误差编队构型,而PD控制律和直接法相结合的混合控制律能够维持大初始误差编队构型,仿真结果验证了所设计控制律的有效性。     

基于音圈电机的环形桁架结构主动悬吊方法

环形桁架结构是卫星可展开天线的基本结构。文章提出一种主动悬吊方法,可在地面状态下卸载环形桁架结构的重力。该方法基于音圈电机可以同时输出安培力和大位移,通过求解悬吊系统的静态方程计算悬吊点的张力即所需安培力;然后,建立主动悬吊试验系统,令音圈电机输出等于所需安培力,即实现悬吊结构对重力的卸载。经试验验证,悬吊后的结构前两阶频率与原结构的几乎相等,且模态一致,说明该悬吊方法有效。     

一类基于四面体组合单元的模块化构架式可展开天线机构

针对现有基于四面体单元的构架式天线机构结构复杂、收拢率低、运动副数量多等问题，基于3RR-3RRR四面体组合单元和基于3RR-3URU四面体对称组合单元分别提出了两种新型模块化可展结构。以3个组合单元组成的模块化结构为分析对象，首先，详细介绍了模块化结构的组成及虎克铰轴线布置，并利用组合单元本身的自由度数目及性质，采用拆杆-等效-复原的思想，应用螺旋理论和G-K公式分别对提出的两种模块化结构进行了自由度分析，得到了自由度数目及性质。其次，应用Adams动力学仿真软件对两种模块化结构进行运动仿真，仿真结果验证了自由度分析的正确性。以完全展开和完全收拢时机构所占的空间体积比值表征该机构的收拢率，计算现有基于四面体单元的非模块化机构与提出的模块化机构的收拢率。最后，对比分析非模块化机构与模块化机构的自由度数目、运动副数目及收拢率。分析结果表明，基于3RR-3URU四面体对称组合单元的模块化结构既能实现较大收拢率，自由度及运动副数目也相对减少，且组成大型天线时杆件类型较少。研究结果为该类模块化构架式可展天线结构的设计与分析提供一定理论依据。     

Earth–Moon libration point orbit stationkeeping: Theory,modeling, and operations

Collinear Earth–Moon libration points have emerged as locations with immediate applications. These libration point orbits are inherently unstable and must be maintained regularly which constrains operations and maneuver locations. Stationkeeping is challenging due to relatively short time scales for divergence, effects of large orbital eccentricity of the secondary body, and third-body perturbations. Using the Acceleration Reconnection and Turbulence and Electrodynamics of the Moon's Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) mission orbit as a platform, the fundamental behavior of the trajectories is explored using Poincaré maps in the circular restricted three-body problem. Operational stationkeeping results obtained using the Optimal Continuation Strategy are presented and compared to orbit stability information generated from mode analysis based in dynamical systems theory.     

大型星载天线桁架式可折展机构的模态分析

大型空间抛物柱面星载天线具有口径大、约束弱、刚度低、质量小等特点,其机构的空间稳定性直接决定天线的使用寿命和信息传输的可靠性。为准确获得大型空间星载天线在轨稳定性能参数,依据星载天线的高精度和长寿命的设计需求,提出一种新型抛物柱面星载天线结构形式,利用有限元仿真对该新型星载天线作模态分析,并分析相关参数。结果表明:采用Al7075材料的新型抛物柱面星载天线基频满足设计要求。同时,增加上下支杆和上下斜撑杆的截面尺寸可有效提高天线结构的固有频率。该研究为我国大型抛物柱面星载天线设计提供了理论支撑和技术参考。     

微波系统的圆极化轴比测量精度分析

微波天线和馈源系统的圆极化测量轴比与测试方法、测试附件的传输及反射特性有关，本文讨论了失配微波系统的圆极化轴比测量精度的分析与计算方法，并针对工程中常见的一些情况进行了分析与讨论。     

Investigations into sensing characteristics of circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors for gas path monitoring

Circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors are promising in gas path monitoring due to their advantages of non-intrusiveness and easy installation. The spatial sensitivity and filtering effect are two important performance parameters. In this paper, an analytically mathematical model of induced charge on a circular thin-plate electrode is first derived. Then the spatial sensitivity and filtering effect of the circular electrostatic sensor are investigated by numerical calculations. Finally,experimental studies are performed to testify the theoretical results. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors act as a low-pass filter in the spatial frequency domain, and both the spatial filtering effect and the temporal frequency response characteristics depend strongly on the spatial position and velocity of the charged particle. These conclusions can provide guidelines for the optimal design of circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors.